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If DNA is Code, Can AI Help Write It? Scaling Cell Programming and Synthetic Biology, with Ginkgo Bioworks Co-founder and CEO Jason Kelly
28 september 2023 · 37 min
Ginkgo Bioworks is using DNA as code to digitize the cell programming revolution. Ginkgo is using AI and synthetic biology to keep the next pandemic at bay, and accelerate our production capabilities for medicine, food, and agriculture. Ginkgo’s co-founder and CEO Jason Kelly joins hosts Sarah Guo and Elad Gil to discuss bioengineering protein as a foundational model, specialized data learning from an evolutionary perspective, what we need to prepare for a future pandemic, and more. Lees meer
Jason has served as a member of our board of directors since Ginkgo’s founding in 2008. He has also served as a director of CM Life Sciences II Inc. (Nasdaq: CMII), a special purpose acquisition company with a focus on the life sciences sector, since its initial public offering in February 2021. Jason holds a Ph.D. in Biological Engineering and a B.S. in Chemical Engineering and Biology from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Show Links:
Jason Kelly - Co-founder & CEO of Ginkgo Bioworks | LinkedIn
Ginkgo Bioworks
The Plausibility of Life: Resolving Darwin's Dilemma
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(0:00:00) - The Difference Between Software Engineering and Biological Engineering
(0:06:51) - Abstractions and Infrastructure in Synthetic Bio
(0:09:23) - The Role of AI, Foundation Models that Speak Biology
(0:13:17) - AWS for Cell Engineering
(0:17:52) - Where are the AI-discovered Drugs? And Data at Gingko
(0:19:12) - Pandemic Response and Biosecurity in the Age of AI
(0:22:47) - The Likelihood of Existential AI Risk from Lone Actors Harnessing Viruses, and The Need for Defense-in-Depth
(0:31:47) - Will Progress in AI Be Biologically Inspired? And Evolution -
How Replit’s AI Tools are Changing Software Development with Co-founder and CEO Amjad Masad
21 september 2023 · 30 min
Replit’s develop-to-deploy platform and new AI tool, Ghostwriter, are breaking down the barriers to entry for beginner programmers. Replit’s CEO, co-founder, and head engineer Amjad Masad joins hosts Sarah Guo and Elad Gil to discuss how AI can change software engineering, the infrastructure we still need, open source foundation models, and what to expect from AI agents. Lees meer
Before co-founding Replit, Amjad Masad worked at Facebook as a software engineer, where he worked on infrastructure tooling. He was a founding engineer at CodeAcademy. Throughout his career, Masad has been an advocate for open-source software.
Show Links:
Amjad Masad - CEO & Co-founder of Replit | LinkedIn
Replit
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Show Links:
Amjad Masad - CEO & Co-founder of Replit | LinkedIn
Replit
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Show Notes:
0:03:55 - Impact of AI on Code Generation
0:11:09 - Breaking Down Barriers to Entry in Development with Replit
0:14:35 - The Impact of Open Source Models, Meta/Llama
0:20:32 - Bounties, Agents who Make Money
0:24:26 - The Missing Data Spec-to-Code
0:32:29 - Building the Future of AI, Money as a Programmable Primitive -
The Intersection of AI and Blockchain, with Transformers author and NEAR founder Illia Polosukhin
15 september 2023 · 42 min
More than 25 million users are using NEAR-powered applications. Co-founder of NEAR protocol and Transformers author Illia Polosukhin joins hosts Sarah Guo and Elad Gil to discuss the intersections of crypto and AI technology, what we should expect from AI agents, decentralized data labeling, why AI’s alignment problem is really a human problem, and more. Lees meer
Show Links:
Illia Polosukhin - Co-founder of NEAR | LinkedIn
NEAR
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(0:00:00) - Blockchain, AI, and Web3 Intersection
(0:06:39) - How We Might Combine Blockchain and AI for Cancer Research
(0:23:35) - Inference and Decentralized Data Labeling
(0:30:13) - AI SaaS Strategic Challenges
(0:38:18) - The Future of Hardware Accelerators -
The World’s Largest AI Processor with Cerebras CEO Andrew Feldman
7 september 2023 · 30 min
The GPU supply crunch is causing desperation amongst AI teams large and small. Cerebras Systems has an answer, and it’s a chip the size of a dinner plate. Andrew Feldman, CEO and Co-founder of Cerebras and previously SeaMicro, joins Sarah Guo and Elad Gil this week on No Priors. They discuss why there might be an alternative to Nvidia, localized models and predictions for the accelerator market. Lees meer
Show Links:
Andrew Feldman - Cerebras CEO & Co-founder | LinkedIn
Cerebras
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Show Notes:
(0:00:00) - Cerebra Systems CEO Discusses AI Supercomputers
(0:07:03) - AI Advancement in Architecture and Training
(0:16:58) - Future of AI Accelerators and Chip Specialization
(0:26:38) - Scaling Open Source Models and Fine-Tuning -
AI Superpowers for Frontend Developers, with Vercel Founder/CEO Guillermo Rauch
31 augustus 2023 · 38 min
Everything digital is increasingly intermediated through web user experiences, and now AI development can be frontend-first, too. Just ask Guillermo Rauch, the founder and CEO of Vercel, the company behind Next.js. In this episode of No Priors, hosts Sarah Guo and Elad Gil speak to Guillermo about their AI SDK and AI templates, and why Vercel is focused on making it easy for every frontend engineer to build with AI. They also discuss what applications Guillermo's most excited about, how to prepare for the world of bots, whether the winds are changing in web architectures, and why he believes in the AI-fueled 100X engineer. Lees meer
Prior to Vercel, Guillermo co-founded several startups and created the JavaScript library, Socket.io, which allows for real-time bi-directional communication between web clients and servers.
Show Links:
Guillermo Rauch - CEO & Founder of Vercel | LinkedIn
Vercel
Vercel AI
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Show Notes:
(0:00:00) - Vercel's AI Strategy and Future Plans
(0:10:36) - AI Frameworks, Observability, and Bot Mitigation
(0:17:24) - Crawling the Web and Architecture Changes
(0:27:54) - AI's Impact on Web Personalization -
AI-Powered Biological Software with Jakob Uszkoreit, CEO of Inceptive
24 augustus 2023 · 35 min
"Biological Software" is the future of medicine. Jakob Uszkoreit, CEO and Co-founder of Inceptive, joins Sarah Guo and Elad Gil this week on No Priors, to discuss how deep learning is expanding the horizons of RNA and mRNA therapeutics.
Jakob co-authored the revolutionary paper Attention is All You Need while at Google, and led early Google Translate and Google Assistant teams. Now at Inceptive, he's applying these same architectures and ideas to biological design, optimizing vaccine production, and magnitude-more efficient drug discovery. We also discuss Jakob's perspective on promising research directions, and his point of view that model architectures will actually get simpler from here, and be driven by hardware. Lees meerShow Links:
Inceptive - CEO & Founder - Jakob Uszkoreit | LinkedIn
Inceptive
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(0:00:00) - Creating Biological Software
(0:06:54) - The Hardware Drivers of Large-Scale Transformers
(0:14:32) - Challenges in Optimizing Compute Allocation
(0:23:25) - Deep Learning in Biology and RNA
(0:32:49) - The Future of Drug Discovery
(0:41:41) - Collaboration and Innovation at Inceptive -
The AI Tutor For Every Child and the Next Frontier of Education, From Khan Academy’s Creator Sal Khan
17 augustus 2023 · 48 min
The future of education is right at your children’s fingertips. Sal Khan, CEO and Founder of Khan Academy, joins Sarah Guo and Elad Gil this week on No Priors. For over a decade, Sal Khan has been trying to reform education, beginning with tutoring his cousins in math.
He's the father of the YouTube "chalk talk" format, and has now served tens of millions of students through Khan Academy. Lees meerHe guides us through how Khan Academy is using AI to personalize a student's educational experience, transporting students into immersive learning experiences that allow them to debate historical figures, to assisting teachers with lesson plans that address the learning gaps keeping students from reaching their full potential, to a Khanmigo, a tutor for every child.
Prior to founding Khan Academy, Sal worked as a hedge fund analyst. He holds an MS in business from Harvard University, as well as an MS in Engineering and a BS in Computer Science from MIT.
Show Links:
Khan Academy - CEO & Founder - Khan Academy | LinkedIn
Khan Academy
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[0:00:06] - Sal Khan's Journey
[0:08:41] - Mastery Learning and AI in Education
[0:19:53] - Future of AI Tutors in Education
[0:23:10] - Education's Future With Generative AI
[0:29:35] - Connecting Learning Through Tutoring and Collaboration
[0:33:22] - Implications of GPT 4 on Education
[0:40:42] - Future of Education and Job Skills
[0:46:47] - Importance of Traditional Skills in Education -
Listener Q&A: 2024 Tech Market Predictions, Long Term Implications of Today’s GPU Crunch, and Will AI Agents Bring Us Happiness?
10 augustus 2023 · 24 min
This week on the podcast, Sarah Guo and Elad Gil answer listener questions on the state of technology and artificial intelligence. Sarah and Elad also talk about the 2024 tech market, what type of companies may reach their highest valuation ever and the (former) unicorns that may go bust. Plus, how do Sarah and Elad define happiness? Hint: it’s a use case for a specialized AI agent.
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Show Links:
Cerebras Systems signs $100 million AI supercomputer deal with UAE's G42 | Reuters
Our World in Data
Show Notes:
[0:00:37] - Impact of GPU Bottleneck in the near and long term
[0:10:30] - Timeline for existing incumbent enterprises to use AI in products
[0:11:50] - Vertical versus broad applications for AI Agents
[0:19:33] - 2024 tech market predictions & how founders should think about valuations -
Eradicating Machine Learning Pain Points with Weights & Biases CEO Lukas Biewald
3 augustus 2023 · 44 min
How are ML developer tools helping to advance our capabilities? Lukas Biewald, CEO of Weights & Biases, joins Sarah Guo and Elad Gil this week on No Priors. Lukas explores the impact of ML in various industries like gaming, AgTech, and fintech through his insightful perspective. He discusses the impact of LLMs, puts them in context of the evolution of ML engineering over the past decade and a half, and tells the backstory of Weights & Biases' success. He gives advice for aspiring AI company founders, placing emphasis on customer feedback and using insecurity as a vehicle for better customer discovery.
Prior to founding Weights & Biases, Lukas attacked the problem of data collection for model training as the Founder of Figure Eight, which he sold in 2019. He holds an MS in Computer Science and a BS in Mathematics from Stanford University. Lees meerShow Links:
Lukas Biewald - CEO & Co-founder - Weights & Biases | LinkedIn
Weights & Biases
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Show Notes:
[0:00:00] - Lucas Wald's Journey in AI
[0:08:16] - Startup Evolution and Machine Learning
[0:18:54] - Open Source Models Implications and Adoption
[0:29:54] - ML Impact in Various Industries
[0:40:27] - Advice for AI Company Founders -
How Palantir’s AI Bet is Revolutionizing Defense and Beyond, with CTO Shyam Sankar
27 juli 2023 · 40 min
Can frontiers as high-stakes as next-generation, AI-enabled defense depend on something as mundane as data integration? Can "large language models" work in such mission critical applications? In this episode of No Priors, hosts Sarah Guo and Elad Gil are joined by Shyam Sankar, the Chief Technical Officer of Palantir Technologies and inventor of their famous Forward Deployed Engineering force. Lees meer
Early employee and longtime leader Shyam explains the evolution of technology at Palantir, from ontology and data integration to process visualization and now AI. He describes how a company of Palantir's scale has adopted foundation models and shares customer stories. They discuss the case for open source AI models fine-tuned on private, domain-specific data, and the challenges of anchoring AI models in reality.
Show Links:
Shyam Sankar - Chief Technical Officer - Palantir Technologies | LinkedIn
Palantir
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[0:00:00] - Palantir's CTO Discusses Company's Background
[0:10:17] - Apollo and AIP
[0:20:25] - Future of UI and Application Integration
[0:28:29] - Investment in Co-Pilot Models and Education
[0:31:22] - Exploring AI Implementation in Various Industries
[0:38:19] - Operational and Analytical Workflows in Context -
The Timeline for Realistic 4-D: Devi Parikh from Meta on Research Hurdles for Generative AI in Video and Multimodality
20 juli 2023 · 40 min
Video dominates modern media consumption, but video creation is still expensive and difficult. AI-generated and edited video is a holy grail of democratized creative expression. This week on No Priors, Sarah Guo and Elad Gil sit down with Devi Parikh. She is a Research Director in Generative AI at Meta and an Associate Professor in the School of Interactive Computing at Georgia Tech. Her work focuses on multimodality and AI for images, audio and video. Recently, she worked on Make a Video 3D, also called MAV3D, which creates animations from text prompts. She is also a talented AI-generated and analog artist herself.
Elad, Sarah and Devi talk about what’s exciting in computer vision, what’s blocking researchers from fully immersive Generative 4-D, and AI controllability.
No Priors is now on YouTube! Subscribe to the channel on YouTube and like this episode. Lees meerShow Links:
Devi Parikh - Google Scholar
Text-To-4D Dynamic Scene Generation named MAV3D (Make-A-Video3D)
Full Research Paper
Website with examples of image to 4 D generation
Devi’s Substack
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(0:00:06) - Democratizing Creative Expression With AI-Generated Video
(0:08:31) - Challenges in Video Generation Research
(0:15:57) - Challenges and Implications of Video Processing
(0:20:43) - Control and Multi-Modal Inputs in Video
(0:25:50) - Audio's Role in Visual Content
(0:39:00) - Don't Self-Select & Devi’s tips for young researchers -
Bringing AI to the Data Cloud, with Snowflake's CEO Frank Slootman
29 juni 2023 · 52 min
Frank Slootman, CEO of Snowflake Computing, joins Sarah Guo and Elad Gil this week on No Priors. Before scaling Snowflake to its blockbuster IPO and beyond, Frank was also the CEO from early to scale for landmark enterprise companies ServiceNow and Data Domain. Frank grew up in the Netherlands and is also the author of three books: Amp It Up, Rise of the Data Cloud, and Tape Sucks.
In this episode, our hosts talk with Frank about the opportunity for generative AI in the enterprise, why Snowflake isn't really a data warehousing company, their acquisitions of Neeva and Streamlit, apps within Snowflake, and how AI relates to traditional analytics and BI. He also talks about his personal journey, why it's always a good time to do performance management, and why most leaders struggle to raise the bar for performance.
** No Priors is taking a summer break! The podcast will be back with new episodes in three weeks. Join us on July 20th for a conversation with Devi Parikh, Research Director in Generative AI at Meta. **
No Priors is now on YouTube! Subscribe to the channel on YouTube and like this episode.
Show Links: Lees meerForbes: How CEO-For-Hire Frank Slootman Turned Snowflake Into Software’s Biggest-Ever IPO
Amp It Up: Leading for Hypergrowth by Raising Expectations, Increasing Urgency, and Elevating Intensity
Rise of the Data Cloud (Audible Audio Edition): Frank Slootman, Steve Hamm, Zach Hoffman, Snowflake: Books
TAPE SUCKS: Inside Data Domain, A Silicon Valley Growth Story eBook : Slootman, Frank: Kindle Store
Frank Slootman’s LinkedIn
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Show Notes:
[00:06] - Frank’s Insights on Career Success as a three-time CEO
[12:42] - The message of his book Amp It Up
[25:01] - Future of Natural Language and Data
[36:29] - Data Management and Industry Transformation Future
[45:13] - Managing Resources in Changing Economic Environment… -
What's for Dinner? AI-Driven Commerce with Instacart CEO Fidji Simo
22 juni 2023 · 40 min
Fidji Simo, the CEO of Instacart and co-founder of Metrodora Institute, a medical center and research institute for neuroimmune axis disorders, shares her personal journey from growing up in France, to leading the Facebook app, to becoming a wartime CEO. Fidji talks about the future of Instacart, their AI strategy, how the current era of AI is different from prior ML waves, and the impact of LLMs in commerce, robotics and healthcare. She also shares how she earns followership from her teams.
** No Priors is taking a summer break! The podcast will be back with new episodes in three weeks. Join us on July 20th for a conversation with Devi Parikh, Research Director in Generative AI at Meta. **
No Priors is now on YouTube! Subscribe to the channel on YouTube and like this episode.
Show Links: Lees meerMay 31, 2023: Instacart users can now plan meals using AI - Fast Company Profile
May 13, 2023: Instacart CEO Fidji Simo makes groceries personal. Now she’s doing the same for women’s health
December 2, 2021: Rapid Response: Re-founding Instacart, w/ first-time CEO Fidji Simo | Podcast: Masters of Scale with Reid Hoffman
Metrodora Institute
Fidji Simo’s LinkedIn
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Show Notes:
[00:01] - Leading With Impact and Authenticity
[11:48] - Implementing AI
[17:28] - Future of Grocery Shopping With AI
[25:38] - AI in Advertising and Commerce
[32:54] - Metrodora: AI in Biotech and Healthcare
[34:18] - The positive impact of AI, mitigating harm & role of regulations -
What happens to Observability If Code is AI-Generated? The Potential for AI in DevOps, with Datadog Co-founder/CEO Olivier Pomel
15 juni 2023 · 45 min
Olivier Pomel, co-founder and CEO of Datadog, the leading observability company, discusses the company’s founding story, early product sequencing, platform strategy, and acquisitions. Olivier also shares his thoughts on their more recent expansion into security, and why he’s bullish on the potential for AI in DevOps.
** No Priors is taking a summer break! The podcast will be back with new episodes in three weeks. Join us on July 20th for a conversation with Devi Parikh, Research Director in Generative AI at Meta. **
No Priors is now on YouTube! Subscribe to the channel on YouTube and like this episode.
Show Links: Lees meerNov 22, 2022: Product-led Growth: Founder 1-on-1 with Datadog and Aiven - Olivier Pomel & Oskari Saarenmaa
May 25, 2022: Datadog, Inc. (DDOG) CEO Olivier Pomel Presents at J.P. Morgan's 50th Annual Global Technology, Media and Communications Conference
Jan 6, 2021: Datadog CEO Olivier Pomel on the cloud computing outlook
Datadog’s Official Website
Olivier Pomel LinkedIn
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Show Notes:
[00:10] - DevOps and AI Potential
[06:54] - Datadog and Generative AI
[20:40] - Datadog's Acquisition and Expansion Strategy
[31:46] - LLMs in Automation and Precision
[42:35] - Datadog's Customer Value and Growth -
Listener Q&A: AI Misconceptions, The Reality of Regulation, Infinite Context, Incumbent AI Execution and Startup Ideas
8 juni 2023 · 35 min
This week on No Priors, Sarah and Elad do another hangout to answer listener questions. Topics include debunking common misconceptions about AI and its implications on the world, the analogy to nuclear power and nuclear safety, the impact of larger context windows, developer productivity, incumbent announcements of AI products, and some requests for (fat) startups.
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Show Notes:
[00:21] - What Are People Getting Wrong About AI Right Now? / New Capabilities of NLP
[04:35] - Nuclear Power and Safety Concerns
[11:12] - Emerging AI Companies and Research
[15:54] - China's Hardware Sanctions and Funding Ramp
[20:34] - Innovation in Heterogeneous Compute Infrastructure
[28:08] - Enterprise Stack and Decision Making
[33:44] - Data's Impact on the World Lees meer -
AI & Defense Technology with Anduril CEO Brian Schimpf
1 juni 2023 · 51 min
Today on No Priors, we discuss defense technology, AI, drones, and autonomous vehicles (think giant submarine drones!) with Brian Schimpf, the co-founder and CEO of Anduril, a next-generation defense technology company. From his early days of coding at age 12 to working on self-driving cars, and finally founding Anduril, Brian's incredible journey led him to create innovative solutions for pressing defense problems.
This episode covers the impact of AI, intelligent software, and other technologies to defense. We discuss the challenges of deploying and selling technology in the government spaceBrian shared his perspective on building general-purpose defense technology, the importance of a software-first approach, and how Anduril is working to solve urgent defense problems with speed and efficiency.
As we wrapped up our conversation, we touched on the recent shift in the low cost of space launch, which has changed the way the US thinks about defense. We examined the proliferation of satellites, drones, and hypersonic missiles, and how these technologies can be applied, scaled, and built in a way that can fundamentally shift America's approach to defense. Don't miss this fascinating episode with Brian Schimpf as we uncover the cutting edge of defense technology and its implications for the future.
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Show Links: Lees meerMay 16, 2023: AI in Military Operations and How We Can Prevent It From Outsized Effects
May 9, 2023: CNBC Disruptor 50 - Anduril Industries
Anduril Website
Anduril Newsroom
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Show Notes:
[0:00:01] - Exploring AI in Defense Tech
[0:05:15] - Lower Cost Defense With Intelligent Software
[0:15:10] - Building General Purpose Defense Technology
[0:20:41] - Autonomy in Defense Challenges
[0:25:05] - Machine Learning in Defense & Int… -
Going Full Send on AI, and the (Positive) Impact of AI on Jobs, with Kevin Scott, CTO of Microsoft
24 mei 2023 · 55 min
In this episode, Sarah and Elad speak with Microsoft CTO Kevin Scott about his unlikely journey from rural Virginia to becoming the driving force behind Microsoft's AI strategy.
Sarah and Elad discuss the partnership that Kevin helped forge between Microsoft and OpenAI and explore the vision both companies have for the future of AI. They also discuss yesterday’s announcement of “copilots” across the Microsoft product suite, Microsoft’s GPU computing budget, the potential impact of open source AI models in the tech industry, the future of AI in relation to jobs, why Kevin is bullish on creative and physical work, and predictions for progress in AI this year.
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Show Links: Lees meerMay 23, 2023: The Verge - Microsoft CTO Kevin Scott Thinks Sydney Might Make a Comeback
May 23, 2023: Microsoft Outlines Framework For Building AI Apps and Copilots
January 10, 2023: A Conversation with Kevin Scott: What’s Next In AI
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Show Notes:
[00:00] - Kevin Scott's Journey to Microsoft CTO
[12:44] - Microsoft and Open AI Partnership
[21:18] - The Future of Open Source AI
[32:12] - AI for Everyone
[45:29] - AI and the Future of Jobs
[51:44] - The Future of AI and Regulation
[58:10] - Taking a Global Perspective -
The AI Will See You Now: Exploring Biomedical AI and Google’s Med-PaLM2 With Karan Singhal
18 mei 2023 · 43 min
What if AI could revolutionize healthcare with advanced language learning models? Sarah and Elad welcome Karan Singhal, Staff Software Engineer at Google Research, who specializes in medical AI and the development of MedPaLM2. On this episode, Karan emphasizes the importance of safety in medical AI applications and how language models like MedPaLM2 have the potential to augment scientific workflows and transform the standard of care.
Other topics include the best workflows for AI integration, the potential impact of AI on drug discoveries, how AI can serve as a physician's assistant, and how privacy-preserving machine learning and federated learning can protect patient data, while pushing the boundaries of medical innovation.
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Show Links: Lees meerMay 10, 2023: PaLM 2 Announcement
April 13, 2023: A Responsible Path to Generative AI in Healthcare
March 31, 2023: Scientific American article on Med-PaLM
February 28, 2023: The Economist article on Med-PaLM
KaranSinghal.com
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Show Notes:
[00:22] - Google's Medical AI Development
[08:57] - Medical Language Model and MedPaLM 2 Improvements
[18:18] - Safety, cost/benefit decisions, drug discovery, health information, AI applications, and AI as a physician's assistant.
[24:51] - Privacy Concerns - HIPAA's implications, privacy-preserving machine learning, and advances in GPT-4 and MedPOM2.
[37:43] - Large Language Models in Healthcare and short/long term use. -
Will Everyone Have a Personal AI? With Mustafa Suleyman, Founder of DeepMind and Inflection
11 mei 2023 · 52 min
Mustafa Suleyman, co-founder of DeepMind and now co-founder and CEO of Inflection AI, joins Sarah and Elad to discuss how his interests in counseling, conflict resolution, and intelligence led him to start an AI lab that pioneered deep reinforcement learning, lead applied AI and policy efforts at Google, and more recently found Inflection and launch Pi.
Mustafa offers insights on the changing structure of the web, the pressure Google faces in the age of AI personalization, predictions for model architectures, how to measure emotional intelligence in AIs, and the thinking behind Pi: the AI companion that knows you, is aligned to your interests, and provides companionship.
Sarah and Elad also discuss Mustafa’s upcoming book, The Coming Wave (release September 12, 2023), which examines the political ramifications of AI and digital biology revolutions.
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Show Links: Lees meerForbes - Startup From Reid Hoffman and Mustafa Suleyman Debuts ChatBot
Inflection.ai
Mustafa-Suleyman.ai
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Show Notes:
[00:06] - From Conflict Resolution to AI Pioneering
[10:36] - Defining Intelligence
[15:32] - DeepMind's Journey and Breakthroughs
[24:45] - The Future of Personal AI Companionship
[33:22] - AI and the Future of Personalized Content
[41:49] - The Launch of Pi
[51:12] - Mustafa’s New Book The Coming Wave -
Personalizing AI Models with Kelvin Guu, Senior Staff Research Scientist, Google Brain
4 mei 2023 · 40 min
How do you personalize AI models? A popular school of thought in AI is to just dump all the data you need into pre-training or fine tuning. But that may be less efficient and less controllable than alternatives — using AI models as a reasoning engine against external data sources.
Kelvin Guu, Senior Staff Research Scientist at Google, joins Sarah and Elad this week to talk about retrieval, memory, training data attribution and model orchestration. At Google, he led some of the first efforts to leverage pre-trained LMs and neural retrievers, with >30 launches across multiple products. He has done some of the earliest work on retrieval-augmented language models (REALM) and training LLMs to follow instructions (FLAN).
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Show Links: Lees meerKelvin Guu Website
Google Scholar
FLAN: Finetuned Language Models Are Zero-Shot Learners
Simfluence: Modeling the Influence of Individual Training Examples by Simulating Training Runs
ROME: Locating and Editing Factual Associations in GPT
Branch-Train-Merge: Scaling Expert Language Models with Unsupervised Domain Discovery
Large Language Models Struggle to Learn Long-Tail Knowledge
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Show Notes:
[1:44] - Kelvin’s background in math, statistics and natural language processing at Stanford
[3:24] - The questions driving the REALM Paper
[7:08] - Frameworks around retrieval augmentation & expert models
[10:16] - Why is modularity important
[11:36] - FLAN Paper and instruction following
[13:28] - Updating model weights in real time and other continuous learning methods
[15:08] - Simfluence Paper & explainability with large language models
[18:11] - ROME paper, “Model Surgery” exciting research areas
[19:51] - Personal opinions and thoughts on AI agents & research
[24:59] - How the human brain compares to AGI r… -
Listener Q&A: AI Investment Hype, Foundation Models, Regulation, Opportunity Areas, and More
27 april 2023 · 34 min
This week on No Priors, Sarah and Elad answer listener questions about tech and AI. Topics covered include the evolution of open-source models, Elon AI, regulating AI, areas of opportunity, and AI hype in the investing environment. Sarah and Elad also delve into the impact of AI on drug development and healthcare, and the balance between regulation and innovation.
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Show Notes:
[0:00:06] - The March of Progress for Open Source Foundation Models
[0:06:00] - Should AI Be Regulated?
[0:13:49] - Investing in AI and Exploring the AI Opportunity Landscape
[0:23:28] - The Impact of Regulation on Innovation
[0:31:55] - AI in Healthcare and Biotech Lees meer -
The Computing Platform Underlying AI, with Jensen Huang, Founder & CEO of NVIDIA
20 april 2023 · 45 min
So much of the AI conversation today revolves around models and new applications. But this AI revolution would not be possible without one thing – GPUs, Nvidia GPUs.
The Nvidia A100 is the workhorse of today’s AI ecosystem. This week on No Priors, Sarah Guo and Elad Gil sit down with Jensen Huang, the founder and CEO of NVIDIA, at their Santa Clara headquarters. Jensen co-founded the company in 1993 with a goal to create chips that accelerated graphics. Over the past thirty years, NVIDIA has gone far behind gaming and become a $674B behemoth. Jensen talks about the meaning of this broader platform shift for developers, making very long term bets in areas such as climate and biopharma, their next-gen Hopper chip, why and how NVIDIA chooses problems that are unsolvable today, and the source of his iconic leather jackets.
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Show Links: Lees meerJensen Huang | NVIDIA
Nvidia's A100 is the $10,000 chip powering the race for A.I. | CNBC
Nvidia CEO Jensen Huang: A.I. is at ‘inflection point’ | Fortune
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Show Notes:
[1:26] - The early days when Jensen Co-founded NVIDIA
[4:58] - Why NVIDIA started to expand its aperture to artificial intelligence use cases
[10:42] - The moment in 2012 Jensen realized AI was going to be huge
[13:52] - How we’re in a broader platform shift in computer science
[17:48] - His vision for NVIDIA’s future lines of business
[18:09] - How NVIDIA has two motions: Shipping reliable chips and solving new use cases
[25:41] - Why no one should assume they’re right for the job of CEO and why not every company needs to be architected as the US military
[31:39] - What’s next for NVIDIA’s Hopper
[32:57] - Durability of Transformers
[35:08] - What Jensen is excited about in the future of AI & his advice for founders -
Your AI Friends Have Awoken, With Noam Shazeer
13 april 2023 · 30 min
Noam Shazeer played a key role in developing key foundations of modern AI - including co-inventing Transformers at Google, as well as pioneering AI chat pre-chatGPT. These are the foundations supporting today’s AI revolution. On this episode of No Priors, Noam discusses his work as an AI researcher, engineer, inventor, and now CEO.
Noam Shazeer is currently the CEO and Co-founder of Character AI, a service that allows users to design and interact with their own personal bots that take on the personalities of well-known individuals or archetypes. You could have a socratic conversation with Socrates. You could pretend you’re being interviewed by Oprah. Or you could work through a life decision with a therapist bot. Character recently raised $150M from A16Z, Elad Gil, and others. Noam talks about his early AI adventures at Google, why he started Character, and what he sees on the horizon of AI development.
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Show Links: Lees meerNoam Shazeer - Google Scholar
Noam Shazeer - Chief Executive Officer - Character.AI | LinkedIn
Character.AI
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Show Notes:
[1:50] - Noam’s early AI projects at Google
[7:13] - Noam’s focus on language models and AI applications
[11:13] - Character’s co-founder Daniel de Freitas Adiwardana work on Google’s Lambda
[13:53] - The origin story of Character.AI
[18:47] - How AI can express emotions
[26:51] - What Noam looks for in new hires -
The Future is Small Models, with Matei Zaharia, CTO of Databricks
6 april 2023 · 39 min
If you have 30 dollars, a few hours, and one server, then you are ready to create a ChatGPT-like model that can do what’s known as instruction-following. Databricks’ latest launch, Dolly, foreshadows a potential move in the industry toward smaller and more accessible but extremely capable AIs. Plus, Dolly is open source, requires less computing power, and fewer data parameters than its counterparts.
Matei Zaharia, Cofounder & Chief Technologist at Databricks, joins Sarah and Elad to talk about how big data sets actually need to be, why manual annotation is becoming less necessary to train some models, and how he went from a Berkeley PhD student with a little project called Spark to the founder of a company that is now critical data infrastructure that’s increasingly moving into AI.
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Show Links: Lees meerHello Dolly: Democratizing the magic of ChatGPT with open models
Dolly Source Code on Github
Matei Zaharia - Chief Technologist & Cofounder - Databricks | LinkedIn
Matei Zaharia - Google Scholar
Databricks debuts ChatGPT-like Dolly, a clone any enterprise can own | VentureBeat
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Show Notes:
[01:29] - Origin of Databricks
[4:30] - Work at Stanford Lab
[5:29] - Dolly and Role of Open Source
[12:30] - Industry focus on high parameter count, understanding reasoning at small model scale
[18:42] - Enterprise applications for Dolly & chat bots
[25:06] - Making bets as an academic turned CTO
[36:23] - The early stages of AI and future predictions -
What’s Beyond GitHub Copilot? With Copilot's Chief Architect and founder of Minion.AI Alex Graveley
30 maart 2023 · 36 min
Everyone talks about the future impact of AI, but there’s already an AI product that has revolutionized a profession. Alex Graveley was the principal engineer and Chief Architect behind Github Copilot, a sort of pair-programmer that auto-completes your code as you type. It has rapidly become a product that developers won’t live without, and the most leaned-upon analogy for every new AI startup – Copilot for Finance, Sales, Marketing, Support, Writing, Decision-Making.
Alex is a longtime hacker and tinkerer, open source contributor, repeat founder, and creator of products that millions of people use, such as Dropbox Paper. He has a new project in stealth, Minion AI. In this episode, we talk about the uncertain process of shipping Copilot, how code improves chain of thought for LLMs, how they improved product, performance, how people are using it, AI agents that can do work for us, stress testing society's resilience to waves of new technology, and his new startup named Minion.
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Show Links: Lees meerAlex Graveley - San Francisco, California, United States | Professional Profile | LinkedIn
Minion AI
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Show Notes:
[1:50] - How Alex got started in technology
[2:28] - Alex’s earlier projects with Hack Pad and Dropbox Paper
[07:32] - Why Alex always wanted to make bots that did stuff for people
[11:56] - How Alex started working at Github and Copilot
[27:11] - What is Minion AI
[30:30] - What’s possible on the horizon of AI -
How do we go from search engines to answer engines? With Perplexity AI’s Aravind Srinivas and Denis Yarats
23 maart 2023 · 39 min
With advances in machine learning, the way we search for information online will never be the same.
This week on the No Priors podcast, we dive into a startup that aims to be the most trustworthy place to search for information online. Perplexity.ai is a search engine that provides answers to questions in a conversational way and hints at what the future of search might look like.
Aravind Srinivas is a Co-founder and CEO of Perplexity. He is a former research scientist at Open AI and completed his PhD in computer science at University of California Berkeley.
Denis Yarats is a Co-Founder and Perplexity’s CTO. He has a background in machine learning, having worked as a Research Scientist at Facebook AI Research and a machine learning engineer at Quora.
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Show Links: Lees meerAravind Srinivas on Google Scholar
Denis Yarats on Google Scholar
Perplexity AI
Perplexity AI Discord
AI Chatbots Are Coming to Search Engines. Can You Trust Them? - Scientific American
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Show Notes:
[1:46] - How Perplexity AI iterates quickly and how the company has changed over time
[5:46] - Approach to hiring and building a fast-paced team
[10:43] - Why you don’t need AI pedigree to transition to work or research AI
[14:01] - Challenges when transitioning from AI research to running a company as CEO & CTO
[16:50] - Why Perplexity only shows answers it can cite
[19:33] - How Perplexity approaches reinforcement learning
[20:49] - Trustworthiness and if an answer engine needs a personality
[23:05] - Why answer engines will become their own market segment
[26:38] - Implications of “the era of fewer clicks” on publishers and advertisers
[30:20] - Monetization strategy
[33:20] - Advice for those deciding between academia or startups -
What is the future of search? With Neeva’s Sridhar Ramaswamy
16 maart 2023 · 36 min
For the first time in decades web search might be at risk for disruption. Bing is allied with OpenAI to integrate LLMs. Google has committed to launching new products. New startups are emerging.
Sridhar Ramaswamy co-founded the challenger AI-powered, private search platform Neeva in 2019. He is a former 16-year Google veteran who most recently led the internet’s most profitable business as SVP in charge of Google Ads, Commerce and Privacy. Sridhar, Elad and Sarah talk about the challenge of building search, how LLMs have changed the landscape, and how chatbots and "answer services" will affect web publishers.
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Show Links: Lees meerLinkedIn
Neeva Search
Neeva Gist
Poe by Quora
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Show Notes:
[1:32] - Why Sridhar started a private search engine after leaving Google
[11:11] - Information Retrieval Problems, Mapping Search Queries and LLMs
[15:25] - Google and Bing’s approach to search with LLMs
[19:06] - Scale challenges when building a search engine startup
[22:26] - Distribution challenges and why they release Neeva Gist
[24:11] - Why Neeva is a privacy centric subscription service
[28:25] - The relationship between search and publishers/content creators
[30:16] - Sridhar’s predictions on how AI will disrupt current ecosystems -
What is the role of academia in modern AI research? With Stanford Professor Dr. Percy Liang
9 maart 2023 · 47 min
When AI research is evolving at warp speed and takes significant capital and compute power, what is the role of academia? Dr. Percy Liang – Stanford computer science professor and director of the Stanford Center for Research on Foundation Models talks about training costs, distributed infrastructure, model evaluation, alignment, and societal impact.
Sarah Guo and Elad Gil join Percy at his office to discuss the evolution of research in NLP, why AI developers should aim for superhuman levels of performance, the goals of the Center for Research on Foundation Models, and Together, a decentralized cloud for artificial intelligence.
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Show Links: Lees meerSee Percy’s Research on Google Scholar
See Percy’s bio on Stanford’s website
Percy on Stanford’s Blog: What to Expect in 2023 in AI
Together, a decentralized cloud for artificial intelligence
Foundation AI models GPT-3 and DALL-E need release standards - Protocol
The Time Is Now to Develop Community Norms for the Release of Foundation Models - Stanford
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Show Notes:
[1:44] - How Percy got into machine learning research and started the Center for Research and Foundation Models at Stanford
[7:23] - The role of academia and academia’s competitive advantages
[13:30] - Research on natural language processing and computational semantics
[27:20] - Smaller scale architectures that are competitive with transformers
[35:08] - Helm, holistic evaluation of language models, a project with the the goal is to evaluate language models
[42:13] - Together, a decentralized cloud for artificial intelligence -
How AI can make drug discovery fail less, with Daphne Koller from Insitro
2 maart 2023 · 46 min
Life-saving therapeutics continue to grow more costly to discover. At the same time, recent advances in using machine learning for the life sciences and medicine are extraordinary. Are we on the verge of a paradigm shift in biotech?
This week on the podcast, a pioneer in AI, Daphne Koller, joins Sarah Guo and Elad Gil on the podcast to help us explore that question. Daphne is the CEO and founder of Insitro — a company that applies machine learning to pharma discovery and development, specifically by leveraging “induced pluripotent stem cells.” We explain Insitro’s approach, why they’re focused on generating their own data, why you can’t cure schizophrenia in mice, and how to design a culture that supports both research and engineering. Daphne was previously a computer science professor at Stanford, and co-founder and co-CEO of edutech company Coursera.
Show Links: Lees meerInsitro - About
Video: AWS re:Invent 2019 – Daphne Koller of insitro Talks About Using AWS to Transform Drug Development
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Show Notes:
[1:49] - How Daphne combined her biology and tech interests and ran a bifurcated lab at Stanford
[4:34] - Why Daphne resigned an endowed chair at Stanford to build Coursera
[14:14] - How insitro approaches target identification problems and training data
[18:33] - What are pluripotent stem cells and how insitro identifies individual neurons
[24:08 ] - How insitro operates as an engine for drug discovery and partners to create the drugs themselves
[26:48] - Role of regulations, clinical trials and disease progression in drug delivery
[33:19] - Building a team and workplace culture that can bridge both bio and computer sciences
[39:50] - What Daphne is paying attention to in the so-called golden age of machine learning
[43:12] - Advice for leading a startup in edtech and healthtech -
Why the Future of Machine Learning is Open Source with Huggingface’s Clem Delangue
23 februari 2023 · 32 min
After starting as a talking emoji companion, Hugging Face is now an organizing force for the open source AI research ecosystem. Its models are used by companies such as Apple, Salesforce and Microsoft, and it's working to become the GitHub for ML.
This week on the podcast, Sarah Guo and Elad Gil talk to Clem Delangue, co-founder and CEO of Hugging Face. Clem shares how they shifted away from their original product, why every employee at Hugging Face is responsible for community-building, the modalities he's most interested in, and what role open source has in the AI race.
Show Links: Lees meerHugging Face website
The $2 Billion Emoji: Hugging Face Wants To Be Launchpad For A Machine Learning Revolution - Forbes
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Show Notes:
[01:53] - how Clem first became interested in ML, being shouted at by eBay sellers, and the foretelling of the end of barcode scanning
[3:34] - early iterations of Hugging Face, trying to make a less boring AI tamagotchi, and switching directions towards open source tools
[5:36] - advice for founders considering a change in direction, 30%+ experimentation
[7:39] - 1st users, MLTwitter, approach to community
[10:47] - enterprise ML maturity, days to production
[12:54] - open source vs. proprietary models
[15:56] - main model tasks, architectures and sizes
[19:12] - decentralized infrastructure, data opt out
[24:16] - Hugging Face’s business model, GitHub
[28:09] - What Clem is excited about in AI -
Founder Stories: What’s behind the largest commercial autonomous system on earth? With Zipline’s Keller Rinaudo Cliffton
20 februari 2023 · 46 min
This is a special bonus episode from our Founder Stories series, where entrepreneurs share the story of their startup journey.
A delivery with Zipline is the closest thing we have to teleportation. It sounds like science fiction, but Zipline delivers life saving medical supplies such as blood and vaccines to hospitals, doctors and people in need around the world with the world's largest autonomous drone network.
This week on the podcast, Sarah Guo talks to Keller Rinaudo Cliffton, the co-founder and CEO of Zipline, about building a full-stack business that involves software, hardware and operations, how a culture of ruthless engineering practicality enabled them to do unlikely things, the state of autopilot in aircraft, their AI acoustic detect-and-avoid system, and why founders should build for users beyond the "golden billion."
Show Links: Lees meerZipline's website
Video: Drone Delivery Start-Up Zipline Beats Amazon, UPS And FedEx To The Punch | CNBC
Keller Rinaudo: How we're using drones to deliver blood and save lives | TED Talk
Meet Romotive: An Ambitious Startup That Blew Our Minds
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Show Notes:
[2:07] - Keller’s earlier projects and early inspiration for Zipline and transforming logistics
[7:40] - Why Zipline focused on healthcare logistics and Zipline’s early near death experiences as a company
[15:32] - How Zipline iterated on the hardware while being ruthlessly practical with getting products in the customers’ hands
[21:52] - The difference between AI and Autopilot
[25:51] - How Zipline developed AI acoustic-based detect and avoid system
[31:30] - Zipline’s partnership with Rwanda’s public health system
[34:25] - Challenges in the business model -
How can we make sure that everyone has access to AI? Can small models outperform large models? With Stability AI’s Emad Mostaque
16 februari 2023 · 46 min
AI-generated images have been everywhere over the past year, but one company has fueled an explosive developer ecosystem around large image models: Stability AI. Stability builds open AI tools with a mission to improve humanity. Stability AI is most known for Stable Diffusion, the AI model where a user puts in a natural language prompt and the AI generates images. But they're also engaged in progressing models in natural language, voice, video, and biology.
This week on the podcast, Emad Mostaque joins Sarah Guo and Elad Gil to talk about how this barely one-year-old, London-based company has changed the AI landscape, scaling laws, progress in different modalities, frameworks for AI safety and why the future of AI is open.
Show Links: Lees meerStability.AI
Stable Diffusion V2 on Hugging Face
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Show Notes:
[2:00] - Emad’s background as one of the largest investors in video games and artificial intelligence
[7:24] - Open-source efforts in AI
[13:09] - Stability.AI as the only independent multimodal AI company in the world
[15:28] - Computational biology, medical information and medical models
[23:29] - Pace of Adoption
[26:31] - AGI versus intelligence augmentation
[31:38] - Stability.AI’s business model
[37:44] - AI Safety -
What does AI-powered content creation look like? with Runway ML’s Cristobal Valenzuela
9 februari 2023 · 47 min
For a long time, AI-generated images and video felt like a fun toy. Cool, but not something that would bring value to professional content creators. But now we are at the exciting moment where machine learning tools have the power to unlock more creative ideas.
This week on the podcast, Sarah Guo and Elad Gil talk to Cristobal Valenzuela, a technologist, artist and software developer. He’s also the CEO and co-founder of Runway, a web-based tool that allows creatives to use machine learning to generate and edit video. You've probably already seen Runway's work in action on the Late Show with Stephen Colbert and in the feature film Everything Everywhere All at Once.
Show Links: Lees meerWatch Cris Valenzuela’s 2018 thesis presentation at New York University’s ITP program.
Read how Runway is used on the Late Show and in Everything Everywhere All at Once on the Runway Blog.
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Follow us on Twitter: @NoPriorsPod | @Saranormous | @EladGil | @c_valenzuelabShow Notes:
[1:50] - Cris’s background and how he doesn’t see barriers between art and machine learning
[6:46] - How Runway works as a tool
[8:36] - The origins and early iterations of Runway
[12:22] - Product sequencing and roadmapping in a fast growing space
[15:43] - Runway as an applied research company
[19:10] - Common pitfalls for founders to avoid
[22:35] - How Runway structures teams for effective collaboration
[24:22] - Learnings from how Runway built Greenscreen product
[28:01] - Building a long-term and sustainable business
[32:34] - Finding Product Market Fit
[36:34] - The influence of AI tools in art as an artistic movement -
The bot Cicero can collaborate, scheme and build trust with humans. What does this mean for the next frontier of AI? With Noam Brown, Research Scientist at Meta
2 februari 2023 · 59 min
AGI can beat top players in chess, poker, and, now, Diplomacy. In November 2022, a bot named Cicero demonstrated mastery in this game, which requires natural language negotiation and cooperation with humans. In short, Cicero can lie, scheme, build trust, pass as human, and ally with humans. So what does that mean for the future of AGI?
This week’s guest is research scientist Noam Brown. He co-created Cicero on the Meta Fundamental AI Research Team, and is considered one of the smartest engineers and researchers working in AI today.
Co-hosts Sarah Guo and Elad Gil talk to Noam about why all research should be high risk, high reward, the timeline until we have AGI agents negotiating with humans, why scaling isn’t the only path to breakthroughs in AI, and if the Turing Test is still relevant.
Show Links: Lees meerMore about Noam Brown
Read the research article about Cicero (diplomacy) published in Science.
Read the research article about Liberatus (heads-up poker) published in Science.
Read the research article about Pluribus (multiplayer poker) published in Science.
Watch the AlphaGo Documentary.
Read “How Smart Are the Robots Getting?” by New York Times reporter Cade Metz
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Follow us on Twitter: @NoPriorsPod | @Saranormous | @EladGil | @Polynoamial
Show Notes:
[01:43] - What sparked Noam’s interest in researching AI that could defeat games
[6:00] - How the AlexaNET and AlphaGo changed the landscape of AI research
[8:09] - Why Noam chose Diplomacy as the next game to work on after poker
[9:51] - What Diplomacy is and why the game was so challenging for an AI bot
[14:50] - Algorithmic breakthroughs and significance of AI bots that win in No-Limit Texas Hold'em poker
[23:29] - The Nash Equilibrium and optimal play in poker
[24:53] - How Cicero interacted with humans
[27:58] - The relevance and usefulness of the Turing Test
[31:05] - The data set used to train Cicero
[31:54] - Bottlenecks to AI resear… -
This is “No Priors”
2 februari 2023 · 2 min
AI is transforming our future, but what does that really mean? In ten years, will humans be forced to please our AGI overlords or will we have unlocked unlimited capacity for human potential?
That's why Sarah Guo and Elad Gil started this new podcast, named No Priors. In each episode, Sarah and Elad talk with the leading engineers, researchers and founders in AI, across the stack. We'll talk about the technical state of the art, how that impacts business, and get them to predict what's next.
Follow the podcast wherever you listen so you never miss an episode. We’ll see you next week with a new episode. Email feedback to show@no-priors.com Lees meer